By the The Bulldog Law Criminal Defense Team • Reviewed by a licensed California criminal defense attorney Penal Code § 136.1 makes it a crime to KNOWINGLY and MALICIOUSLY prevent or DISSUADE or ATTEMPT to prevent or dissuade any witness or victim from: reporting a crime, cooperating with th...
By the The Bulldog Law Criminal Defense Team • Reviewed by a licensed California criminal defense attorney Health and Safety Code § 11377 makes simple possession of methamphetamine (and specified stimulants) a MISDEMEANOR up to one year in county jail with felony filing surviving Prop 47 onl...
By the The Bulldog Law Criminal Defense Team • Reviewed by a licensed California criminal defense attorney Penal Code § 484 defines THEFT taking and carrying away property of another, without consent, with intent to permanently deprive (or to deprive long enough to take a major portion of its...
By the The Bulldog Law Criminal Defense Team • Reviewed by a licensed California criminal defense attorney Health and Safety Code § 11364 makes it a MISDEMEANOR up to 6 months in county jail to possess an opium pipe or any device, contrivance, instrument, or paraphernalia used for unlawfully...
Bridge Exploit Claims can arise when users move crypto across blockchains and later discover that bridged assets were stolen, frozen, depegged, locked in a contract, or no longer redeemable. For California users, token projects, DAOs, investors, founders, and liquidity providers, the legal que...
Cross-Border Crypto Disputes are difficult because digital assets can move through wallets, exchanges, bridges, mixers, and foreign platforms before a victim, investor, business, or court knows what happened. A California plaintiff may have strong evidence of loss but still face practical problem...
Crypto Insurance Claim Denials can be confusing and frustrating because policyholders often assume that a cyber policy, crime policy, or business insurance package will cover a digital asset loss. Coverage is not automatic. The outcome usually depends on the policy language, the type of loss, ...
Most California DUIs are misdemeanors but four paths convert them to felonies, and everyone who drinks and drives should know the map: (1) DUI CAUSING INJURY to another person (VC § 2315...
Penal Code § 242 defines BATTERY as any WILLFUL and unlawful use of force or violence upon another person and California's doctrine sets the bar at the floor: the SLIGHTEST touching qual...
Penal Code § 32 makes it a crime to HARBOR, CONCEAL, or AID a person you KNOW committed a FELONY, with the INTENT that they avoid or escape arrest, trial, conviction, or punishment a WOB...
Crypto Arbitration Clauses can determine whether a dispute against an exchange, wallet provider, DeFi platform, NFT marketplace, token issuer, or Web3 startup is heard in court or in a private arbitration forum. For California users and businesses, the answer is usually fact-specific: an exchange...
Crypto Subscription and Auto-Renewal Payments can create serious consumer protection risk when a business charges customers repeatedly through wallets, tokens, stablecoins, exchange accounts, or crypto payment processors. In California, recurring payment models must be built around clear consent,...
The dividing line is custody time: a MISDEMEANOR is punishable by AT MOST one year in county jail; a FELONY is punishable by more than a year 16 months minimum in county jail under reali...
Penal Code § 273.5 makes it a crime to WILLFULLY inflict corporal injury resulting in a TRAUMATIC CONDITION on an intimate partner a spouse or former spouse, cohabitant or former cohabi...
Penal Code § 31 erases the line between helper and doer: ALL persons concerned in the commission of a crime whether they directly commit it or AID AND ABET its commission are PRINCIPALS,...
Crypto Business Breakups can be especially difficult because the most valuable assets may not sit in a bank account or a traditional company file. A founder dispute may involve wallets, tokens, smart contracts, multisig control, project code, brand assets, domain names, social accounts, investor ...
Crypto Evidence in Court can be powerful, but it is rarely as simple as pointing to a blockchain transaction and saying the case is proven. In California civil and criminal cases, blockchain records may help show transfers, timing, wallet activity, token balances, payments, and asset movement. Th...
Penal Code § 1000 is PRETRIAL DIVERSION for qualifying drug charges: instead of prosecution, an eligible defendant enters a 12-to-18-month drug education and treatment program WITHOUT p...
Penal Code § 273a punishes ENDANGERMENT willfully causing or permitting a child to suffer unjustifiable pain or mental suffering, or, while having care or custody, willfully causing or ...
Updated September 2026 | The Bulldog Law | California Sex Crimes Defense Indecent exposure, sometimes called obscene exposure or public indecency, is willfully exposing your genitals in a public place, or anywhere other people are present who would be offended, with the intent to direct attentio...
By the The Bulldog Law Criminal Defense Team • Reviewed by a licensed California criminal defense attorney Penal Code § 653m makes two things a misdemeanor each up to 6 months and $1,000: subdivision (a), contacting someone by phone or ANY electronic device (calls, texts, emails, DMs, app me...
Penal Code § 597 is a WOBBLER misdemeanor up to a year, or felony 16 months, 2, or 3 years covering two very different crimes: MALICIOUS cruelty (intentionally maiming, wounding, torturi...
By the The Bulldog Law Criminal Defense Team • Reviewed by a licensed California criminal defense attorney Penal Code § 602 is California's catch-all trespass law more than thirty lettered subdivisions criminalizing specific ways of entering or REMAINING on property without permission: occupy...
Health and Safety Code § 11550 makes it a MISDEMEANOR - up to a year in county jail - to willfully be UNDER THE INFLUENCE of specified controlled substances (heroin and other opiates, co...
Penal Code § 166 makes it a MISDEMEANOR up to 6 months to willfully disobey the terms of any lawful court order: the workhorse subdivision is 166(a)(4), covering criminal protective orde...